Time Travel back to 70 CE (AD) Jerusalem

Nadene Goldfoot                                     

70 CE Romans Burn down Jerusalem and 2nd Temple 

The city of Rome itself had an abundance of people, and one way to survive longer was to join the army.

In the census of 70 BCE, prior to the major civil wars of the late Republic (and considerably more conquests in Gaul and the East), some have estimated the population of the 'Empire' at a more considerable 55 to 60 million people. This falls more in line with estimates at the height of imperial power in the mid 2nd century AD, and might be inflated. The census of 70 BC showed 910,000 men held citizenship.  

"73–63 BCE: The Roman Republic extends its influence into the region in the Third Mithridatic War. During the war, Armenian King Tigranes the Great takes control of Syria and prepares to invade Judea and Jerusalem but has to retreat."
                                                      

63 BCE: Roman Republic under Pompey the Great (106-48 BCE-Roman General) besieges and takes Jerusalem and the Temple from Aristobulus' supporters.  Judea was made a tributary and stripped of the territories acquired by the Hasmoneans.  Pompey ended the Jewish independence they had had since Simon the Maccabee.   

Pompey sacked Jerusalem and installed Hasmonean prince Hyrcanus II as Ethnarch and High Priest but not as king. Some years later Julius Caesar appointed Antipater the Idumaean, also known as Antipas, as the first Roman Procurator. Antipater's son Herod was designated "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate in 40 BCE but he did not gain military control until 37 BCE. During his reign the last representatives of the Hasmoneans were eliminated, and the huge port of Caesarea Maritima was built.

Leading up to Jerusalem and the 2nd Temple's destruction, Antipater ruled Judea from the year 63 to 43 BCE.  He was the son of the ruler, Antipas of Idumea, (Edom-also called Mt. Seir) of the 1st century BCE.  The land of Edom lay South of the Dead Sea and bordered on the Red Sesa of Elath and Ezion Geber.  They were of Semitic origin, traditionally descendants of Esau, twin of Jacob,  sons of Isaac, son of Abraham,  and were hunters.  He grew rich from trade with Arabia.  He helped the Romans.  He was the father of Herod.  Esau had become his twin's enemy, and they were not identical twins.  
                                                    

 1st Emperor Augustus reigned from 31 BC to 14 CE.  He was grandnephew of Julius Caesar.  


                                                       

Herod as a young man

Herod the Great had a campaign to take the throne of Judea.  He took siege of Jerusalem in 37 BCE.  Mark Antony (Marcus Antonius) helped him by providing him with the necessary Roman forces that were successful.  Herod captured the city and got rid of Antigonus II Mattathias which brought an end to the Hasmonean rule of many years since 166 BCE. Judah hadn't had a proper king since Zedekiah who ruled from 597  to 586 BCE who had been appointed king by Nebuchadnezzar, the Babylonian king  to succeed the exiled Jehoiachin when he was 21.  His mistake was in conspiring with the Egyptians which brought in the Babylonians who captured Jerusalem.  
                                                

Jews were living in Rome in the year 66 and had been there since 139 BCE.  The Great Revolt began in the year 66 CE, during the twelfth year of the reign of Emperor Nero( reign from 54 to 68- the last ruler of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius, thus becoming his heir and successor. Like Claudius, Nero became emperor with the consent of the Praetorian Guard.), originating in Roman and Jewish religious tensions. The crisis escalated due to anti-taxation protests and attacks upon Roman citizens by the Jews. The Roman governor, Gessius Florus, responded by plundering the Second Temple in Jerusalem, claiming the money was for the Emperor, and the next day launching a raid on the city, arresting numerous senior Jewish figures. This prompted a wider, large-scale rebellion and the Roman military garrison of Judaea was quickly overrun by the rebels, while the pro-Roman king Herod Agrippa II(28-93-last king of the house of Herod, son of Agrippa I.   

 Father Agrippa I (10 BCE -44 CE)  was king of Judea, son of Aristobulus and grandson of Herod.  Agrippa was educated at the court of the emperor Tiberius .  He was involved with Caligula and imprisoned by Tiberius for suspected treachery.  Freed with the title of king, he ruled over Galilee, S. Transjordan and after 41 CE by decree of the emperor Claudius, over Judea and Samaria.  He was beloved by his Jewish subjects because of his respect for the Jewish religion.  The governor of Syria was suspicious of him.  He died suddenly while attending the games in Caesarea.  After his death, his kingdom was again converted into an annex of the province of Syria.  

When his father died, Judaea reverted to the rule of the Procurators, but in the year 50, he received the principality of Chalcis and was made responsible for supervising the Temple in Jerusalem.  Emperor Claudius gave him the title of king.  he quarreled with the priests.  He had just gone to Jerusalem to restore alm from the 66 rebellion but had to flee for his life.), together with Roman officials, fled Jerusalem.
                                                    

 The Hasmonean Dynasty was started by Mattathias, a Cohen,  and his 5 sons who directed the popular revolt against the Hellenizing policy adopted by the Syrian king, Antiochus Epiphanes. We remember this history with Chanukah.  The Syrian Greeks had put statues of their gods in the holy Temple. Mattathias rebelled physically.  

  It was in 166 to 164 BCE that the Hasmoneans fought many battles, inventing guerilla tactics against the Syrians and by 164, Judah retook Jerusalem and rededicated the Temple.  This was followed by many raids to rescue the Jewish populations of Ammon, Idumea, Gilead and the Galilee.  

 Josephus, a Judean general captured by the Romans, saved his own life by becoming the Roman's scribe of this history, painting Rome in good light as that's who was keeping him alive.  He had to choose his words carefully.  

Herod the Great-a Killer b: 73 BCE d: 4 BCE

Herod became king of Judea, son of Antipater the Idumean by his Nabatean wife, Cypros.  He was appointed governor of Galilee by his father and liked to execute those breaking his laws.  The Sanhedrin called him on this.  He was spared punishment by intervention of Hyrcanus and Sextus Caesar, governor of Syria.  The Roman Senate made him king of Judea.  He married the Hasmonean Jewish princess, Marianne, granddaughter of the high priest, a Cohen, Hyrcanus II.  He murdered all those rivals to his power including his own brother in law.  One good thing he did was to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem on a magnificent scale and built 2 cities, Sebaste and Caesarea.  Herod had turned against the Nabateans and defeated them.  As a result of palace intrigues, he put to death his wife, Mariamne, their 2 sons, Alexander and Aristobulus, and even his firstborn, Antipater.

 Immediately following the deposition of King Herod Archelaus in 6 CE who had ruled from 4 BCE to 6 CE, son of Herod and Malthace the Samaritan, Judea was turned into a Roman province, during which time the Roman procurator was given authority to punish by execution. The general population also began to be taxed by Rome. The province of Judea was the scene of unrest at its founding in 6 CE during the Census of Quirinius, the Crucifixion of Jesus circa 30–33 CE, and several wars, known as the Jewish–Roman wars, were fought during its existence. Archelaus's rule was marked by such severity that he was removed from office by Emperor Augustus and he was exiled to Gaul where he died in 16 CE.  

                                                  

                        Sitting is Pontius Pilate, the Roman Procurator

There was a Joshua, born before the turn of the century, called Jesus in Greek who died in  29 CE at about the age of 35, who was the founder of Christianity.  He was said to be a Jew from Nazareth.  He was one of thousands of Jews who died on the one of the Roman crosses used for the final punishment of death. 
                                                       

 He had been arrested and was crucified by order of the Roman procurator, Pontius Pilate, Judea's 5th Roman governor, serving from 26 to 36 ."  He appears to have belonged to the well-attested Italian Pontii family of Samnite origin, but nothing is known for certain about his life before he became governor of Judaea, nor of the circumstances that led to his appointment to the governorship.  (The Samnites were an ancient Italic people who lived in Samnium in south-central Italy. They became involved in several wars with the Roman Republic until the 1st century BC. An Oscan-speaking people, the Samnites probably originated as an offshoot of the Sabines.) " A procurator was a governor of Judea and was under the Roman emperor of which 14 served between years 6 to 66.  They were subordinate to the Syrian legate who exercised his authority over the procurator if he was charged with abusing his office; as  if he was charged with being unduly extortionate in his treatment of the population or in the event of rebellion.  These procurators had the status of members of the equates class in administrative status.  They governed in place of the legate of Syria.  They really were independent governors armed with full administrative authority.  They enjoyed the "right of the sword," so had full powers to inflict punishment that included the death penalty.  This was enforced on people who were not Roman citizens.  If a Roman, they had the right to transfer their trial before the Emperor of Rome.  They lived in Caesarea, the administrative capital of Roman Judea.  
                                                       

   What Jesus had been preaching was closely akin to that of the Pharisaic preachers.  The Pharisees were a Jewish religious and political party during the 2nd Temple period who opposed the Sadducees.They were two groups who interpreted their Mosaic laws in slightly different ways.  I see their differences being a matter of teaching-style much more than content, for our laws from Moses were pretty concrete.  Many striking parallels exist between the sayings of Jesus and those of the rabbis.  They both had made use of parables.  Jesus put greater stress on the imminent end of the age and expected their present  social order to disappear swiftly.  It didn't take but about 300 years afterwards for Christianity to view Jews as competitors of their new faith and outlawed the practice of Judaism. 

 The Jews had been living since 63 BCE, over 70 years under occupation of Romans and were surrounded by these foreigners who were ruthless with a different morality than they who had been trying to change their beliefs ever since the Syrian-Greek days when then Hasmoneans fought against them and regained control.  The Jewish leaders feared for their very lives as well as losing their young people to these monsters.  Their religion was already over 1,000 years old.  They could not allow it to end, and were fighting hard to keep it going under these occupied conditions where they had no freedom.  

                                                 

                            1st Emperor Augustus  (born Dec. 30, BCE —died Sept. 13, 81 CE), Roman emperor (31 BCE to 14 CE), 

The Imperial Roman army was the land-traveling armed forces deployed by the Roman Empire from about 30 BC to 476 AD.  During this period, Augustus was the Emperor who ruled from 31 BCE to 14 CE.  His attitude toward the Jews of Jerusalem and Judea and the Diaspora was not a friendly one.  He was he one who confirmed the kingship of Herod and returned to him the areas which had been taken away through the influence of Cleopatra.   He converted Judea into a region governed by a procurator living in Caesarea.  

Under Augustus, the European borders of the empire he inherited from his grand-uncle Julius Caesar were considerably expanded. During the first half of his sole rule (30 BCE–9CE), Augustus' central strategic objective was to advance the Roman border from Illyricum and Macedonia to the line of the Danube, Europe's greatest river, in order both to increase strategic depth between the border and Italy and to provide a major fluvial supply route for the Roman armies in the region.

Rioting had been going on since the year 66 that was led by Judean rebel factions, when the Judean provisional government was formed in Jerusalem.  Jerusalem was occupied by the Roman army.  

                                  Emperor Titus and Emperor Tiberius           
                                                           

Here Titus leads his army with Jewish captives who carry loot from
the Temple back to Rome as is show on the Arch of Titus in Rome.  

The Roman army was led by the Roman's future Emperor, General Titus (79-81 CE) and his 2nd in command, Tiberius Julius Alexander. 
Tiberias became the 2nd emperor from the year 14 to 37 and was the stepson of the 1st, Augustus.  Titus would become the 10th  emperor from 79 to 81.  It was Tiberius who expelled the Jews from Rome in 19 because of a fraud perpetrated on a Roman matron sympathetic to Judaism.  4,000 young Jews were sent to Sardinia to fight the brigands.  Palestine was hardly administered under his rule when the crucifixion of Jesus happened.  

 Titus  started the siege 3 days before the holiday of Passover on April 14, 70 CE.  It lasted for 4 months, ending in August with the burning and destruction of the 2nd Temple.  That day is now remembered as Tisha B'Av.  People were starved to death.   Titus was the son of  the 9 th Emperor Vespasian (69-79).  Titus took over the command of the Roman army in Judea from his father in 70 CE when he destroyed Jerusalem after a 5 month siege.  The Romans deliberately destroyed the Temple with the object of eliminating the national religious center of the Jews.  

 3rd Emperor Caligula  reigned from 37 to 41.  He was the grandnephew of Tiberius.  He gave Agrippa, grandson of Herod, the tetrarchy of NE Judea and the title of king.  He insisted on being worshipped as a divinity and this caused a big problem among the Jews and was used as an excuse for anti-Jewish disturbances in Alexandria on the occasion of Agrippa's visit in 38.  Philo headed the Jewish delegation sent to intercede with Caligula, and has recorded a graphic impression of his court.  Caligula was assassinated which prevented serious consequences in the Jewish world.

4th Emperor Claudius reigned from 41 to 54 and was the uncle of Caligula.  He became emperor due to the help of his friend, Herod Agripia I, whom he approved as king, adding Judea to his Kingdom and uniting under him the whole area ruled by Herod.  Claudius issued edicts at once reaffirming Jewish religious autonomy in Alexandria.  When Agrippa I died in 44, Claudius put Judea under a procurator, but in 49 gave Agrippa's son, Agrippa II, regions of Judea to rule.  In 49 and 50 he expelled a number of Jews from Rome because of a Jewish-Christian conflict.  

5th Emperor Nero reigned from 54 to 65 or 68 and was the stepson of Claudius.  His reign coincided with a period of turmoil in Judea culminating in the outbreak of the war against Rome.  HIs wife, Poppaea, was sympathetic to Judaism.  Nero is not unfavorably represented in talmudical legend.  

6th Emperor Galba reigned from 68 to 69.
7th Emperor Otho reigned from January to April of 69.
8th Emperor Aulus Vitellius reigned from July to December of 69.  
                                                             

Roman Empire by 100 CE after Jerusalem's Destruction
They surrounded the Mediterranean Sea 

RESOURCE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipater_the_Idumaean
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Titus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontius_Pilate
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontius_Pilate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War
https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-Roman-emperors-2043294

Judea-Samaria's History Held in Jeopardy Today

Nadene Goldfoot     
                                                        1205-1050 BCE
                                               from the Book of Joshua                     

Judah had a population of 76,500
     Dan had 64,400
                             Issachar had 64,309 (Mt Tabor to Jordan)
                         Zebulun had 60,500 (Valley of Jezreel)
   Asher had 53,400
Manasseh had 52,700
Benjamin had 45,600
Naphtali had 45,400
Reuben had 43,730
    Gad had 40,500
                 Ephraim had 32,500 (hill country)
Simeon had 22,200

At the end of the Exodus with Moses in 1271 BCE, Joshua helped the 600,000+ population of 12 tribes to settle in the land they had walked and rode  for 40 years to settle in;  Canaan.  This was land they had left during a terrible famine for Egypt.   They were given explicit directions and instructions from G-d about this according to our Torah of who would settle where.  
                                                         

The tribe of Judah, the largest and the one we Jews are from, was given the southern portion of land.  Each tribe had their name for their section.  All 12 tribes together created Israel.  Hebron is in Judah, 18 miles south of Jerusalem.
Abraham had bought the land holding the Cave of Machpelah so he could have a place to bury his wife/niece, Sarah.  Today a mosque stands on the site and the Arabs have taken over the city. 
It looks like Jerusalem was actually in Benjamin which was the northern tip of Judah.   
                                                           

When King Solomon died in 920 BCE, a Civil War ensued between the North and the South, and the Temple, which was in Judah, was the most important to the people of Judah.  We were soon to see that the tribe of Judah was the final tribe left after Assyrians  had their way with Israel.  Israel lasted for 351 years before leaving Judah.  

Then the Babylonians took Judeans away forcefully to Babylonia where they lived in 597 BCE and again in 586 BCE, large numbers were deported.  This was 323 years later from the death of Solomon.  Judeans had lived in their own land of Judah for 685 years.  This is as if Americans from 1776 could continue on their land until the year 2461.  

 Luckily, most returned when King Darius allowed them with the admonishment of telling them to rebuild their temple, and they did!  Not all returned, however after this interlude of time.  There's always those who couldn't or wouldn't return and settled into the ways of Babylonians gladly.  
They had only been gone either 48 to 59 years, about 2 generations from the kidnapping.  

Romans came along and occupied Judah in 63 BCE  , then they burned Jerusalem and the Temple down in 70 CE, killing and taking people as slaves for markets to be slaughtered in their circuses with lions, or fodder for the army, etc.  The Romans took the land and gold from the Temple and changed the name to Judea.  Jews had lived in Judah up till this for the past 1,341 years. Jews almost got it back permanently but it lasted only for 4 years when General Bar Kokhba fought for Jerusalem's return in 132-135, with Romans winning.  They then renamed it as Palaestina after the worst enemy Israel and Judah had had, the Philistines.  Romans had been rebuilding Jerusalem as a Roman Colony and they had prohibited the act of circumcision on Jews.  This was 62 years after the burning of Jerusalem.  

Judea.  The Roman Stamp.  Again, not all Jews were dragged away or even escaped.  Some remained in hiding in their land that was full of hiding places.  They stayed until this very day.  True children of Judah.  Oh, but the geneticists would love to test them!  

We must remember that Abram-Abraham, born in the 2nd millennium BCE or about 1948 BCE,  had entered Canaan from the East around the Euphrates River area.  He had come with his father, Terah,  in a group of people.  His birthplace had been the city of Ur of the Chaldees and when they came they put up their tents in a land already populated by Canaanites and Philistines.  Ur is actually an ancient Babylonian city.  The city was highly civilized in Abram's time and showed archaeologists evidence of an extensive flood at an earlier date.  So these people were really roughing it in their trek to come across the land of Canaan and put up tents.  One wonders what forced them out of Ur?  Abram visited Egypt and then returned to live in Hebron.  Abraham's Y haplogroup (male line) is J1) since Moses and his brother Aaron through Aaron carry this Cohen haplogroup.  It's also shared with many Arabs, proving our history of being cousins.    

Jews who came again in a needed time of return to Eretz came from Eastern Europe and Russia via the Sea and they built Tel Aviv in 1909. Tel Aviv, the Hill of Spring, was the title of the Hebrew translation of Herzl's novel, Altneuland.  They were able to live in places according to the rules of the Ottoman Empire in the 1880s and onward.  That's why they didn't get to settle back into Judea and Samaria easily.  

Judea and Samaria.  What is Samaria?  Where is Samaria?  

Samaria was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel after Solomon's death when they had lost the use of Jerusalem as their capital.  It was founded in about 880 BCE by the then king Omri on a hill bought from Shemer as told in detail in Kings 16:24.  The site was 7 miles NW of Shechem (today's Nablus) and was on an isolated elevation dominating a wide countryside.  The city was on 25 acres.   It fell in  721 BCE to Sargon II of Assyria who resettled it with Cutheans who intermingled with the remnants of the former Israelite population.  "The Cuthites were a people living in Samaria around 500 BCE, and were to blame for the postponing of the 2nd temple, in the reign of Cyrus the Great. They did this after the Jewish people returned from Babylonian exile, and first agreed to help them, but after the Jews refused, they lied to king Cyrus who postponed the building process."

The name, Samaria, also includes  the entire northern region of the central highlands of Palestine.  
                                                           

We come to the end of World War I when the Allies promise Jews a Jewish Homeland out of the area known as Palestine/first known as Palestinian Syria.  Palestine was only a piece of land, not a country belonging to anyone except at that moment, the Ottoman Empire who also just owned it for collecting taxes.  It was part of their empire, named by the Romans in their anger. Their intention was to minimize the Jewish association with the area.   The Allies won over the Axis which included the Ottoman Empire and gave a 30 year mandate to Britain to keep order.  Within a short time, this was sliced apart with a huge chunk given away by Britain to a prince of Saudi Arabia who created Trans-Jordan, that became Jordan.  Britain happens to be the Muslim country's greatest trader.  Whether it's that or oil, Britain was not about to be their enemy.  They had fought against the German invaders of gaining the Middle East even though the Ottoman Empire was on Germany's side.

Jordan's land given them by Britain was annexed by them in 1950. This annexation was considered illegal and was recognized only by Britain, Iraq and Pakistan.

Israel was in  a war started by its Muslim neighbors in 1967 which Israel won, so they occupied Judea and Samaria, called the West Bank as it was on the West side of the Jordan River, a border-line.  Jordan called it the "West Bank" in order to minimize the Jewish memories of ownership.  
                                                          

Israel's piece is the pale yellow color which includes parts
of Jerusalem.  How terrible to cut a city in parts east and west.
Today it is a whole city as it should be.  Arabs were not  moved.
Notice that Israel got the Negev Desert.  Boy!  

"The Oslo Accords, signed between the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel, created administrative districts with varying levels of Palestinian autonomy within each area. Area C, in which Israel maintained complete civil and security control, accounts for over 60% of the territory of the West Bank.

Abbas of the PA has said that their Palestine will have absolutely no Jews in it.  Judea and Samaria has Jews now living there.  They will be kicked out.  There are 3 areas making up the land according to the Oslo agreements;  A, B, and C.  This would all be discounted.  As a state, they would be receiving weapons.  Gaza does, but illegally so.  So the world is expecting Israel to be attacked not only from Gaza but right next door-even from Jerusalem's east, to be attacked.  

                                                         

Jerusalem, center of 3 religions; Judaism, Christianity and Islam
with Jordan given rights on Temple Mount
Who suffers?  Jewish worshippers who aren't allowed near Muslim sites-
not even allowed to be seen moving lips.
Perhaps they can during Coronavirus days wearing masks? 

The West Bank, including East Jerusalem, has a land area of 5,640 km² plus a water area of 220 km², consisting of the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea.  As of July 2017 it has an estimated population of 2,747,943 Palestinians, and approximately 391,000 Israeli settlers, and approximately another 201,200 Israeli settlers in East Jerusalem. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, illegal under international law, though Israel disputes this."  Professor Kontorovich defends Israel's interpretation as he is an inter-
national law expert.  

" The International Court of Justice advisory ruling (2004) concluded that events that came after the 1967 occupation of the West Bank by Israel, including the Jerusalem Law, Israel's peace treaty with Jordan and the Oslo Accords, did not change the status of the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) as occupied territory with Israel as the occupying power."  Logic makes this impossible, but one finds such courts always siding 

against the Jewish State.  

UPdate-5/21/20 From Kontorovich: " Today, the prevalent approach is that even though the land did not belong to Jordan, it was “Jordanian enough,” and therefore the laws of occupation and the Geneva Convention apply to it. "

"This is nonsense, because even if we assumed this was correct, the Geneva Convention no longer applies when there is a peace treaty, and there has been a peace treaty with Jordan since 1994. It has to be either one or the other: Either it belonged to Israel all the time and Israel liberated its own territory in 1967, and you can’t occupy your own territory. Alternatively, it was “Jordanian enough” in 1967 for the laws of occupation to apply. In that case, the peace treaty with Jordan nullified the Geneva Convention. The Oslo Accords even took it a step further and granted local self-government." 

Right now Israel has on their table, laying there since the end of the 1967 War 

which they won, the annexation of Judea-Samaria.  Jordan is in an uproar.  Iran

is threatening destruction of Israel.  The decision may come soon.  

What is happening?

"On 16 September 2019, in an interview with Israeli Army Radio, Netanyahu said "I intend to extend sovereignty on all the settlements and the (settlement) blocs," including "sites that have security importance or are important to Israel’s heritage," including the settlements in Hebron.

The application of Israeli law in the West Bank settlements has been described by commentators as "creeping annexation."

Update 5/20/20: To annex or not, that is the $64 question with so many American Jews against it.  Wouldn't it be fair to say that only Netanyahu's government has the obligation to decide such a decision?  We can put forth our opinion, but in the end, it is their right to decide.  I remember that Truman wanted to recognize Israel and all his men advised against it, but he did it anyway.  It was the best decision for the Jews of Palestine, even the ones living in the United States, and not bad at all for the USA.  Israel's big brother has benefited.  This annexation of Judea and Samaria is looked upon by the Israeli government as them being 53 years in arrears for the act.  It should have been done at the end of 1967's War.  They've given the Arabs every chance to be peaceful people, but it hasn't happened.  It hasn't yet.  

Update: 5/20/20:  "During the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel captured East Jerusalem, a part of the West Bank, from Jordan. It has remained occupied until the present day. On June 27, 1967, Israel unilaterally extended its law and jurisdiction to East Jerusalem and some of the surrounding area, incorporating about 70 square kilometers of territory into the Jerusalem Municipality. Although at the time Israel informed the United Nations that its measures constituted administrative and municipal integration rather than annexation, later rulings by the Israeli Supreme Court indicated that East Jerusalem had become part of Israel. In 1980, Israel passed the Jerusalem Law as part of its Basic Law, which declared Jerusalem the "complete and united" capital of Israel. In other words, Israel purported to annex East Jerusalem. The annexation was declared null and void by UNSC Resolutions 252, 267, 271, 298, 465, 476 and 478.

Israel and the territories Israel occupied in the Six-Day War.

Jewish neighborhoods have since been built in East Jerusalem, and Israeli Jews have since also settled in Arab neighborhoods there, though some Jews may have returned from their 1948 expulsion after the Battle for Jerusalem. Only Costa Rica recognized Israel's annexation of East Jerusalem, and those countries who maintained embassies in Israel did not move them to Jerusalem. The United States Congress has passed the Jerusalem Embassy Act, which recognizes Jerusalem as the united capital of Israel and requires the relocation of the U.S. embassy there, but the bill has been waived by presidents Clinton, Bush, and Obama on national security grounds. President Trump has begun the controversial process of moving the United States embassy to Jerusalem, but has not recognized the annexation of East Jerusalem."

"Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas ends security agreement with Israel and US"                           

Rockets shot from Gaza

    I haven't seen any security from Gaza at all which is in cahoots with Abbas.  Gaza is the PA's strongarm.  They have constantly been shooting mortars, missiles and rockets at Israel.  

"Declaration follows the creation of a new Israeli government which is officially contemplating annexation of some areas of the West Bank."  

Israel is made up of over 20% of Arabs who have equal rights with Jewish Israeli citizens.  

Gaza is ruled over by Arabs for their Arabs.  They swore to not have peace at the Khartoum Conference after 1967's loss in the war.  Israel had first cleared all their own Jewish citizens out of Gaza in order to give them more room, which was very hard on their citizens for sure!  They had to leave businesses that the Gazans destroyed.  
                                             

Being nice only got Israel snipers and bombers, people fighting with fire in kites, Tunneling to kidnap Jews better, every sort of hateful act.  And the world continues to harp on having a Palestinian State on Judah's remains, a sliver of land that the Jews finally held in their hands of the pie they were promised.  80% of their land had first gone to Jordan!  They were left with 20% now being harped up as sliced to make Palestine-leaving what?  10% of the original piece?  

Resource: 
https://jcpa.org/why-israeli-rule-in-the-west-bank-is-legal-under-international-law/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bank
The New Standard jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/20/palestinian-leader-mahmoud-abbas-ends-security-agreement-with-israel-and-us
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_Israeli_annexation_of_the_West_Bank
https://israel-nadene.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-true-legal-facts-on-green-line-near.html
Tanakh, Stone Edition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annexation
Update: 5/21/20: https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?tab=wm#inbox/FMfcgxwHNVzMTxVwhKzcJSWkwWkXzbrR-Victor Sharpe Essay